Valerian

Valerian is available in various pharmaceutical and nutraceutical forms, suited to the needs of different consumer groups: valerian capsules, valerian tea, and alcohol-free valerian tincture.

Capsules containing standardised valerian extract are commonly used in premium supplements and contain 500 mg of valerian root extract, standardised to 0.8% valerenic acids, in plant form.

The capsule form ensures precise dosing, greater stability of the active ingredients and good compliance with the recommended intake.

Valerian is recommended as a dietary supplement in numerous situations associated with functional neuropsychological imbalances, such as:

• states of nervousness, irritability and anxiety;
• difficulty falling asleep and non-restorative sleep;
• mental and intellectual overload;
• emotional tension associated with stressful periods;
• support for neurovegetative symptoms of the menopause;
• support for cardiovascular health through the reduction of mental stress;
• maintenance of mental balance and general well-being.

The dosage varies depending on the form of presentation and the concentration of the product:

• Capsules containing valerian powder (300 mg): take 1 capsule 2–4 times a day, or as directed by a healthcare professional; to aid sleep: 1 capsule 30–60 minutes before bedtime, possibly preceded by another capsule earlier in the evening.
   
• Capsules containing standardised extract (500 mg): take 1 capsule daily or 1–2 capsules before bedtime, depending on need and tolerance.

It is recommended not to exceed the indicated daily doses.

Although valerian is generally well tolerated, there are situations in which its use should be considered with caution:

• children under 12 years of age: consultation with a specialist is required;
• known hypersensitivity to Valeriana officinalis;
• people undergoing treatment with sedatives, hypnotics or antidepressants.

Valerian is not addictive and does not usually cause dizziness, residual drowsiness or tiredness upon waking. However, the product may temporarily affect the ability to drive or operate machinery, particularly at the start of treatment.

Combination with synthetic drugs having a sedative or anxiolytic effect should only take place on the recommendation of a specialist.

Side effects are rare and, as a rule, mild. They may include:

• mild gastrointestinal discomfort;
• headache;
• drowsiness at high doses.

If you experience any unusual reactions, stop taking the medicine and consult a doctor.

Avoid combining valerian with alcohol, as this may enhance the sedative effect. Furthermore, valerian may amplify the effects of hypnotics, sedatives or anxiolytics.

No significant interactions with food are known.

Overdose is rare, but may cause excessive drowsiness, lethargy or digestive problems. Treatment is symptomatic and involves discontinuing the medication.

Valerian-based products should be stored in their original packaging at room temperature (15–25 °C), away from moisture and direct sunlight. Do not use after the expiry date and keep out of the reach of children.

• WebMD, Valerian
• PubMed, Valerian root in the treatment of sleep disorders and associated conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
• PubMed, Valerian for sleep: a systematic review and meta-analysis
• SageJournals, Valerian root in the treatment of sleep disorders and associated conditions — a systematic review and meta-analysis